Survey Addresses Mental Health Challenges
Pacific Mental Health Surveys Project Launch
Photo: Supplied
The Pacific Mental Health Surveys Project will investigate mental health challenges in Samoa, Tuvalu and Tonga.
A new research project by Waipapa Taumata Rau, University of Auckland researchers and Pacific partners aim to investigate mental health challenges in Samoa, Tuvalu, and potentially Tonga as these countries navigate the Covid-19 pandemic and the climate crisis.
The Pacific Mental Health Surveys project is coordinated in partnership with the Polynesian Health Corridors programme, which sits within the Public Health Agency, Manatū Hauora. | Ministry of Health, New Zealand. The programme is funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The National Institute for Health Innovation (NIHI) provides support for project management and data management.
“Pacific people have managed their wellbeing and mental health on their own or with the help of their family, churches or the village,” said Sir Collin Tukuitonga, who is co-leading the project. “However, for many years, those of us who work in health have recognised that we don’t know the extent and nature of mental health disorders around the region, well enough. We are working to change that.”
In addition to Tukuitonga, who is Associate Dean Pacific and Associate Professor of Public Health in the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the project is co-led by Associate Professor Judith McCool, Head of School of Population Health, and Dr Roannie Ng Shiu, Co-Director for the Centre of Pacific and Global Health. Nalei Taufa is the New Zealand project manager.
“The resilience and the collective strength of Pacific Island regions and communities are evident as they deal with Covid-19 and the climate crisis, but these complex and rapidly evolving issues are expected to exacerbate mental health distress among Pacific Island communities,” said McCool. While there have been previous attempts to understand the mental health burden in the Pacific, these have been limited in scale, and follow-up has not been appropriately tailored to the culture and lived experiences of the communities, the researchers say.
“Take someone who is hearing voices,” said Tukuitonga. “In a traditional medical setting, if you say you’re hearing voices in your head, the doctor will say you have schizophrenia. However, in many islands, hearing voices, particularly of your ancestors, is a well-recognised cultural phenomenon because it’s seen as quite normal to continue to live with those who have passed away. That’s an example of why getting cultural bearings on mental disorders is important.”
In addition to gathering evidence on mental health disorders, the project will review existing policies and identify workforce capacity needs. To do this, the project team will work closely with each country’s government and workforce.
The project will be co-designed with Pacific health and research professionals so project ownership can be fully transferred to Pacific countries after an initial period of working together. Ultimately, the goal is to develop country-led, sustainable responses to mental health disorders while growing local capability and capacity in the process.
“The Pacific Mental Health Surveys project is about building a better knowledge base from which we can advocate for better services,” says Taufa. “By carrying out toli or fieldwork in-country, it helps create safe spaces for people to talk about mental health, which can hopefully lead to normalising or initiating talanoa around mental health and its challenges.”
The project will start in Samoa, followed by a rollout to Tuvalu and potentially Tonga. Key partners in Samoa include Seiulialii Dr George Tuitama, the country’s only psychiatrist, who will be the Samoan co-investigator, and Muliagatele Dr Potoa’e Roberts-Aiafi, the Samoan coordinator, who is recruiting more personnel including interviewers. Dr Ng Shiu will act as a bridge between the New Zealand and Samoa partners.
On-the-ground research is expected to start in February 2023. Data will be stored in New Zealand and the project countries so that in-country partners can access and analyse the data. To uphold Pacific data sovereignty, there will be an emphasis on data sharing that allows Pacific countries to derive value, such as health gains, from their own data. “Nothing is really about Pacific people if it’s not created by Pacific people,” says Taufa. “This project will reflect that from conceptualisation through to dissemination.”
“We have seen the increasing number of our people seeking mental health services at our mental health unit at the Motootua hospital, " says Dr George Tuitama, Head of the Mental Health Unit at the Motootua Hospital. “This is the first national research for Samoa. It will set the national baseline for Samoa, providing data/information on the prevalence and nature of mental health in our country for the first time, which will inform how we can improve on our services, referrals, and responses”.
The National Institute for Health Innovation (NIHI) works to improve health through research, service delivery and informing policy. Our work is focused on preventing disease, improving people’s health, reducing health inequities, and enabling the delivery of more effective and equitable healthcare. NIHI is managed by UniServices, the research impact company of Waipapa Taumata Rau, University of Auckland.